(1) Overview of the development of the shipbuilding industry: The shipbuilding industry is an important component of the shipbuilding industry, referring to the industry that produces and manufactures all marine equipment and devices except the hull, mainly including power equipment, steering equipment, loading and unloading equipment, and safety equipment. Its development level directly affects the comprehensive competitiveness of the shipbuilding industry. The shipbuilding supporting industry involves a wide range of products, with the largest value of marine equipment, accounting for 40% - 60% of the total cost of the entire ship, and is the core of the development of the shipbuilding industry.
The marine electrical equipment and automation industry is a subdivision of the marine supporting industry, with marine electrical equipment and automation systems accounting for approximately 11% of the ship's value. The value of marine electrical equipment accounts for approximately 4% 1 of the total price of the ship, mainly including three parts: marine power stations, power grids, and electrical loads. The main distribution board is one of the main components of the marine power station, which mainly completes the control and monitoring of the ship's power distribution and generator, and is a key guarantee of power supply quality. The value of the ship automation system accounts for about 7% 2 of the total price of the ship. It is a monitoring system composed of engine room power systems and auxiliary systems for automatic control, monitoring, and alarm. Digitization, modularization, networking, integration, and intelligence are the main technological development directions.
(2) Analysis of industry competition pattern: Currently, there is still a certain gap between domestic enterprises and international brands in terms of technology, market, and after-sales. International leading enterprises include Schneider, Siemens, ABB, Hyundai, Ishizaki, Combo, Wartsila, and others. With brand advantages, advanced technology, developed sales networks, and global after-sales service networks, these enterprises occupy a certain market share in the medium and high-end market distribution field, and a large market share in the automation field. Its main competitors are:
① ABB Group Company: ABB Group Company was established in 1988 and headquartered in Switzerland. It is a world-renowned supplier of electrical equipment, mainly providing electrical components, high and low voltage electrical equipment, PLC controllers, marine automation and other marine equipment.
② Siemens AG, Germany: Founded in 1847 and headquartered in Germany, Siemens AG is a leading global enterprise in the field of electronic and electrical engineering, mainly providing electrical components, high and low voltage electrical equipment, PLC controllers, sensors, ship automation and other marine equipment.
③ Schneider Electric Company of France: Founded in 1836, Schneider Electric Company of France, headquartered in Paris, France, is a world top 500 enterprise and a world-renowned supplier of electrical equipment. It mainly provides electrical components, high and low voltage electrical equipment.
④ Hyundai Heavy Industries (China) Electric Co., Ltd.: Founded in 2004, Hyundai Heavy Industries (China) Electric Co., Ltd. is a foreign-funded enterprise invested and established by Hyundai Heavy Industries Corporation of Korea, mainly providing electrical components, high and low voltage electrical equipment, and other marine equipment.
⑤ Wartsila Group: Wartsila Group was founded in 1834 and headquartered in Finland. It mainly provides products such as ship automation and onboard shore power systems.
⑥ Konsberg Group: Founded in 1814, Konsberg Group is headquartered in Norway and is a world-renowned supplier of ship automation, mainly providing products such as ship automation and control consoles.
⑦ Ishizaki (China) Electric Equipment Co., Ltd.: Ishizaki (China) Electric Equipment Co., Ltd. was established in 1994, and is a foreign-funded enterprise independently invested by Ishizaki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. of Japan. It is mainly engaged in the design, production, and sales of high and low voltage power distribution equipment, automation management systems, high and low voltage power distribution boards, and switching components for shore power.
⑧ Zhejiang Xinya Magnetoelectric Development Co., Ltd.: Established in 1995, Zhejiang Xinya Magnetoelectric Development Co., Ltd. is mainly engaged in the design, production, and sales of high and low voltage complete sets of equipment, marine control consoles, and engine room monitoring and alarm systems.
⑨ Shanghai Aisi Electric Co., Ltd.: Shanghai Aisi Electric Co., Ltd. was established in 2002, mainly engaged in the design, production, and sales of low-voltage power distribution equipment, marine control consoles.
With the continuous development of the market and under the guidance of industrial policies, many well-known domestic enterprises have gradually grown and gained some market space by relying on their accumulated technological and technological advantages, as well as fast, complete, and cost-effective professional comprehensive technical services. On this basis, domestic leading enterprises rely on brand, research and development, technology, product structure, global service network, and scale advantages to establish stable cooperative relationships with upstream and downstream customers, and continuously improve market share at home and abroad.
(3) Industry market size analysis:
1) Ship supporting industry: According to the statistics of the Ship Industry Association, in 2020, there were 359 ship supporting enterprises above designated size in China, with a total operating income of only 49.49 billion yuan and a profit of 1.74 billion yuan. They were generally small in scale, weak in profitability, and low in industry concentration. There was a significant gap between Japanese and Korean enterprises in terms of research and development capabilities and key technologies. At the same time, domestic ship supporting products are mostly concentrated at the low end of the industrial chain, with few world-class well-known brands. Key equipment such as electrical, automation equipment, communication and navigation equipment lack international market influence. In terms of the loading rate of supporting products, the localization loading rate of marine equipment in South Korea and Japan respectively reaches 85% and 90%, while the localization loading rate of ordinary bulk cargo ships in China is around 60%, and the localization matching rate of high-tech ships such as large containers and liquefied natural gas ships is still less than 30%. Due to the monopolistic advantages of foreign products in terms of brand and technology, they can still obtain higher returns even during periods of market downturn, thus encroaching on the profit space of shipbuilding enterprises and seriously restricting the further development of China's shipbuilding industry.
According to the statistics of the Shipbuilding Industry Association, in 2020, the operating revenue of shipbuilding enterprises above designated size nationwide was 302.98 billion yuan, and that of ship supporting enterprises was 49.49 billion yuan. According to the rule that ship supporting products account for 40% of the value of ships, the total amount of China's entire ship supporting business should be over 120 billion in 2020, while the actual domestic ship supporting business is only about 50 billion, indicating that more than half of the business volume has been received by foreign manufacturers. According to national policy planning, the average loading rate of domestic ship supporting equipment in the future will reach about 80%, and the market scale of domestic ship supporting enterprises will be at least over 100 billion yuan.
2) Ship automation industry: With the development of automation technology, especially electronic technology, the ship automation industry has developed rapidly. The rapid development of electronic information technology has laid the foundation for the popularization of ship automation systems. The market scale of China's ship automation system has grown rapidly, with the market scale of China's ship automation system industry reaching 24.176 billion yuan in 2021. In the future, with the continuous growth of intelligent requirements, China's shipbuilding automation industry will grow rapidly, and it is expected that the market size will reach 36.824 billion yuan by 2026. The details are as follows:
3) Marine electrical industry: According to industry experience, marine electrical and automation systems account for about 11% of the value of ships. The value of marine electrical equipment accounts for approximately 4% of the total price of the ship, and the value of marine automation systems accounts for approximately 7% of the total price of the ship. From this, the market size of the marine electrical industry can be estimated:
In terms of the scale of the marine shore power market, as shore power can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions generated by auxiliary diesel engines during docking, supportive government regulations and emission control measures can help the development of the shore power market. According to the statistical data of CICC Qixin International Consulting, the scale of China's port shore power supply market is expected to reach 2.396 billion yuan in 2026.
(4) Industry development trend: In recent years, in order to make up for the shortcomings of the shipbuilding industry and better meet the needs of the shipping and shipbuilding industries, Chinese shipbuilding supporting enterprises, guided by market and industrial policies, have continuously improved their research and development and manufacturing capabilities of supporting equipment through technology introduction and cooperation, independent research and development, and other methods. The localization rate in key equipment fields is also steadily increasing, with some key components and software being independently controllable, In terms of ship electrical and automation technology, there is still a certain gap between China and developed countries, but the ship electrical equipment and automation systems produced by leading domestic enterprises are gradually replacing imports.
